History of Egypt

The history of Egypt began on the fertile Nile. The first King Narmer also known as Pharaoh began the first Egyptian dynasty in 2900 B.C pharaoh Narmer united upper and lower Egypt. In doing so, he made the Egyptian a double crown. It was made by putting the crown of Lower Egypt on top of Upper Egypt. The Egyptian civilization can be broken down into three different groups, the old kingdom, the middle kingdom, and the new kingdom. The old kingdom was part of the early Mesopotamian people who arrived in the fertile valley. They proved the back bone to civilization for Egypt. The middle kingdom can be described is a time of weakness and change for the Egyptian civilization. The Egyptians were invaded by Semites and Hyksos. For about one hundred years the Empire was controlled by foreign invaders. The new Kingdom can be describe is a time of growth and unprecedented prosperity. By securing their borders and strengthening diplomatic ties with their neighbors Egypt wealth allowed for new ideas and building projects.

Egypt is located in flood basin of the Nile River also known as the gift. The Nile River overflowed its banks, reliably and predictably. The Nile flood waters provided fertile black earth which provided food and support for the Egyptian civilization. Mesopotamia was characterized by turmoil and tension and in contrast Egypt was characterized by stability and serenity. The rich and fertile soil of the Nile Valley provided agricultural wealth. Even though the river was known to flood yearly the Egyptians had no reason to fear it. It helped them predict nature and they began to use this knowledge to their benefit. The Egypt people controlled the flow of the Nile therefore, it was important to know when the Nile flooded.

Perry's view on Egypt's history describes a civilization that united magic, art, government, astronomy and writing. Egyptians used astrology to determine the correct dates for rites and scarifies. The pharaoh was a sacrosanct monarch. The pharos served as intermediary between gods and human beings. Egypt gods took many forms including animals. They believed that the universe was alive with gods and humans serving both worlds. According to Perry there were about two thousand gods in the Egyptian belief.

Government and governing in Egypt Perry' states, "The pharos has all the power." His power was defined by the gods. At first, the Egyptians believed that only pharaoh and the royal family were immortal. The power of pharos extends to all facts of life. The people allowed pharaoh to conduct trade, collect taxes, and oversee the army and building of national projects. All Egyptians were subservient to pharaoh, and there was no political liberty. Life for the Egyptians largely depends on the pantheon of gods and ancestry. They believed that pharaoh lived after life and offered many blessings to the royal court. The social class system was design in a way such that people were