Liar

Chapter 30 Notes

- The four types of travel are: Air, Rail, Land and Sea

Millions of people might travel tens of millions of km. Thousands of tones of cargo must be moved as quickly and as cheaply as possible

this movement of people and goods must be done in spite of great distances, harsh weather, and terrain difficulty

When people travel they consider many things which include: the distance, the cost, the route, the duration of the trip, and the method of travel.

they also decide to travel by land, air, or water

Roads

most important means by which people travel in canada.

Every year, governments of all levels spend more than $7 billion combined on the construction, maintenance, and administration or more than 900,000 km of Canadian roads.

19 million cars, trucks, buses and motorcycles use these roads

Automobiles

Canadians travel by car and light trucks more than any other means of transportation

roughly 17.8 million registered cars and trucks in Canada

This allows the average Canadian with greater mobility than ever before and more than most people in parts of the world

Most Valuable Feature- Flexibility

They allow people to travel from their starting point to their exact location

travel on their own schedules plus comfort and privacy

Bus

major mode of traveling between cities

more than 1 billion people ride the intercity bus annually

Advantages-inexpensive, and comfortable

Intracity buses mainly run in many towns and rural areas in Canada

Key element in the transportation system

move large # of commuters efficiently

reduce traffic, noise and air pollution

Rail Travel

during 20th century, travel by train was more common in Canada then by other means

faster, more reliable, and more comfortable then travel by road or water

in the 2nd half of the century, train travel was decline because:

Cars were cheaper to buy and own, and intercity railways were improved

rail cars were getting old but because of cost it was never replaced

Freight traffic-carrying cargo rather than people-more profitable for railway companies

travel by plane was more common and less expensive. (cars replaced the short train ride and the plane covered the long train ride)

Commuter Rail-this type of transportation moves commuters to and from work.

Air Travel

the great distances between our cities, and our affluence, combine to make Canadians frequent air travelers

tend to fly for longer trips

you may think this area is thriving, unfortunately it isn't

in 2003 our largest airline (Canada) went into bankruptcy protection

before the 1990, the air travel industry was highly regulated by government, which determined such matters as cost of airfares and the routes each airline can fly, the the government no longer controlled fares and routes.

Canada's air travel still faces challenges such as: increased security procedures have made air travel less comfortable and convenient, the ever-increasing cost of crude oil makes it more expensive. nonetheless air travel will remain a vital method of transportation in Canada

In a country as large as our, it couldn't be otherwise

Airports

Canada has 330 certified airports, and 26 handle more than 200,000 passengers a year

Of these 26, several are major international airports built in Canada's largest cities

the busiest are Toronto's Lester B. Pearson, Vancouver International, Calgary International, Montreal's Pierre Elliot Trudeau, and Winnipeg International Airport-they're all transport hubs for international ad domestic flights that carry both people and cargo

Travel by Ship

not common in Canada, but where it occurs, it's vitally important

carries tourists and residents across lakes and rivers in Ontario and B.C

costly to operate and often subject to stoppages due to sever weather, ice conditions, and mechanical problems and labour problems

essential to the livelihood of many Canadians

where weather is often severe, travel by ferry isn't always common

to decrease traffic congestion at ferry terminals and stoppages due to severe winter weather, the Canadian Government produced a sound bridge between P.E.I and New Brunswick in 1997 (Confederation Bridge)

Movement of goods

Some cargoes are moved as quickly as possible, with little concern of the high price and some is shipped slowly, at a cost that is low as possible

Moving Cargo by Rail

Trains=very good at moving large amounts of cargo very cheaply, and moving buk cargoes which include coal, grain, wood and oil

Bulk cargoes=large volume and low cost and can be transported a cheaply as possible

Unit trains are a way of moving cargo cheaply because it only carries one type from the cargo's source to its destination, they are also designed to load and unload quickly and are inexpensive to operate

most important unit train routes are:

the interior of Labrador to ports on the St. Lawrence River (Iron ore)

The