Project Methodologies

PROJECT METHODOLOGIES

Q1.

In project management, a manager uses a project with a target to achieve goals within a given time limits and estimated budget, regardless of any field or trade. Thereare numerousmethodologies, which a manager uses during development of project at every stage from initiation to completion.

Methodology is defined as model that is used by project manager of organization for designing, planning,implementation and for the project objective achievements. In organization, use of methodology helps the project manager to complete the task quickly, keeping strategies in mind to handle problems if occur during development.

Q2.

Depending upon project aim and its requirement number of different methodologies are available for the development of project such as PMBOK, PRINCE2, SDLC waterfall,agile, Rapid application development, lean, spiral etc.

PMBOK:

PMBOK stands for project management body of knowledge that includes terms, guidelines, processes collections which are accepted as a standard in project management industry.

PRINCE2:

PRINCE2 stands for project in controlled environment. It is a widely recognized and practiced standard used by UK government and private sectors at an international level.

SDLC:

SDLC stands for software development lifecycle. It is normally a conceptual framework which describe all activities during development of project from planning to maintenance.

WATERFALL MODEL:

The idea of waterfall model was introduced by Winston Royce in 1970.In this Model, the process of development is divided into separate phases and developer can only move to next phase after completing his current phase.Phases in waterfall model are initiation, planning, design, testing, deployment and Maintenance.

Initiation: This phase includes understanding of all the requirement what is to be design, it’s implementation, requirement. At this stage all the specification for input and output is properly examined and marked.

Planning: The requirements which are examined in the last phase is studied and on the basis of that preparation of system design is done and with the help of system design all the hardware and system requirement is analyzed thus make developer ready to write a code in the next phase.

Design and implementation:In this, developer start writing program for developing project using different languages such as asp.net, c#, jQuery, java, html etc.

Testing: At the initial level unit and integration testing is performed using white box testing technique. After successful completion of white box testing different teams will perform system testing using black box testing technique.

Deployment: After performing all the functional and nonfunctional testing, product is released in the market and customer environment.

Maintenance:This phase usually occurs after the installation of product in the environment of customer for maintaining performance level.At this stage,modification is done by the developer in respond to the client feedback. These modifications may arise due to different environment or minor defects ignored by the developer during implementation stage.

AGILE MODEL:

Whenever there is demand to implement new changes, to done these changes with ease and flexibility agile methodology is used.Agile model is defined as a combination of iterative and incremental approach whose main focus is on adaptability of process and satisfaction of customer by fast delivery of software product. In agile, development of product is done again using approaches interaction and individual, working of software, involvement of customer and fast adaptability.

Interaction and individual:encouragement and self-organization is as important as pair interaction like co-location and pair programming.