Iran - Iraq War

Introduction

It is also been called the Persian Gulf War, begin at 1980 September 22th end till 1988 August 20. As two powerful developing countries, this border conflict last about 8 years, finally none get victory and both of them lost a lot.

Origins

The origin of the conflict is complicated, it hard to say which contributes the most. There are three factors that result in this war. Border confliction, religious problem,

And race hostility.

Border confliction, in history the Iraq is part of ottoman Empire, the two country reach an agreement that the border of the two country is the Arab river, but the Iraq own the major part, and later, they have another agreement which says that they dividend the river equally. For Iraq, it is an unfair treaty.

Religious problem

Even though the two country both believe in Islam, but they belong to different parts the Arab Shia majority the Kurdish minority, when Iran revolution successes, the leader of Iran want to the Shia majority to take over the leadership of the Kurdish minority, which cause antipathy of Iraq.

Race hostility

In Iran the majority race is Persian, in Iraq and the other Arabic country is Arab, but in each country there are some minority group, in Iran, there are some Arabs who seek to get independent, the Iraq think that if they invade Iran these people will support them.

War preparation

Before the war, Iraq visit all the Arab country to ask for help and connect with Soviet Union to get some tanks and aircrafts, at the same time Iraq makes an declaration that they will not see war happen. On the other side, Iran didn't stop the preparation of the coming war.

The progress of the war

It is commonly known that the war begin at the September 22th, but actually in 1980 April , there are some minor border conflictions between the two countries,

In September 22th the Iraq Air force bombed the airbase and airport of Iran but they did not reach their final goal, since the lack of aircraft and the pilot lack of experience. Later in the night the Iran Air force began to beat back.

In the second day, after air bomb, the Iraq arm star to invade Iran and took 20,000 square kilometers iran territory and deep into border about 80 kilometers.

And then Iran start to charge, a lot of solider and volunteer go to the battlefield, and gradually drive the invaders away from the Iran territory. In 1982, June 29th , the Irap retreat all the force. And the border remains the same as it before war.

The second phrase of war

The Irap want to have a peace treaty and stop the war