Logistics Answer

1. Logistics – is the process of planning, implementing and controlling the efficient, effective flow and storage of raw materials, in-process inventory, finished goods, services, and related information from point of consumption for the purpose of conforming to customer requirments.

2. Outsourcing – is передача компанією частини її завдань/процесів стороннім виконавцям на умовах субпідряду.

Several form of outsourcing have developed on the market. These developments include carriers and forwarders outsourcing have developed on the market. These developments include carriers and forwarders outsourcing freight services as well as allocating entire logistics locations to log. service providers.

3. Supply chain – is the network of: facilities(warehouses, factories, terminals, ports,stores,homes); vehicles(trucks, train, planes,ships); log IS connecting suppliers’ suppliers with customers’ customers.

4. Production logistics – is mainly associated with manufacturing companies. It deals with all tasks pertinent to the planning and controlling of those internal processes that relate to the materials flow, storage, and internal transport. Additionally, production logistics plays an important part in planning and integrating both the preceding procurement logistical processes and the subsequent distribution logistical processes. If there is a high degree of integration as a result of the flow or network-oriented understanding of logistics, production logistic may be integrated into the logistics network as an immediate link.

5. Distribution logistics – is primarily concerned with coordination of all processes that serve to deliver the goods to the recipient or to the point of sale for consumption by the end user. Distribution logistics describes the interaction of transport and storage processes within logistics systems for the distribution of a company’s goods.

6. Procurement logistics – is concerned with the organization and the physical processes involved in the transport and supply of the input factors for the corporate process. This applies both to industrial companies and trading companies. Aims to ensure ec. supply of materials or commodity which processed.

7. 7-r-approach… - the right product, in the right quantity and right condition, at the right place, at the right time, for the right customer, at the right costs.

8. Macrologistics covers –on 1 hand describes the traffic system and, on the another – the suitable infrastructure for the logistical core functions of warehousing and transshipment. macrolog represens the macroec perspective.

9. Micrologistics describes microec systems with logistical functions which in most cases are characterized by the respective sector. From a shipping agent’s viewpoint, indusrial logistics is different from retail logistics in that they each cater their logistical performance to varying time standarts and to the respective differences in the shipper’s and recipient’s supply and demand behavior.

10. Depending on the kind of services provided by the respective companies, we can distinguish between carriers, logistics service providers in the narrow sense (forwarders, shipping companies), and infrastructure providers (warehousing service providers).

11. Metalogistics – descrides every kind of institutional cooperation between independent organisations within micrologistics in order to enable logistical performance. These cooperations may be established, for instance, between industrial and commercial companies to facilitate the joint organization of warehousing and the supply of final customers, between logistics service providers to build up a nation-wide distribution network covering all region, or between different traffic carriers (railway, inland vessel, road, air traffic).

12. Distribution logistics covers: order processing (conveying of order, processing of order); storage (transshipment, disposition for transport, loading, transport, delivery).

13. Production logistics covers: factory planning (material flow oriented factory structure); production planning (planning of production program, quantity planning; planning of external procurement and one’s own requirements); production controlling (initiation,inspection of order).

14. Procurement logistics covers: procurement transport; reception and inspection of goods; storage and warehousing management, inventory control; internal transport; planning and controlling of materials flow.

15. Purchase process covers: procurement market research; negotiations and finalization of purchase; price and value analysis; procurement management.

16. The two basic approaches of competitive strategies are logistics and corporate strategy.

17. Supply chain management – is managing supply and demand, sourcing raw materials and parts, manufacturing and assembly, warehousing and inventory tracking, order entry and order management, distribution across all channels, and delivery to the customers.

18. Demand chain management – is the management of relationships between suppliers and customers to deliver the best value to the customer at the least cost to the demand chain. it is similar to s c m but with special regard to the customers

19. The main types of agents forming part of supply chains are: raw materials producers(growing,extraction);manufactures, producers (suppliers, industry, processors); wholesalers, distribution provider, importers, exporters; retailers; users, consumer

20. Logistic management creates competitive cost advantage: through low factor consumption, low information cost and high productivity.

21. Logistic management creates competitive value advantage: through the increase in value of the products during the logistics process by means of timely or fast availability, additional treatment of the goods, or add. services associated with the goods.

22. Push principle – conceptualizes the supply of goods on the market without specific demand for those goods. Strategy to supply goods to the market.

23. Semi push or push-pull principle –

24. Pull principle – initiates the logistics chain at its end. Is applied for high-quality investment goods.

25. Semi pull or pull-push principle –

26. Logistical organization forms can be distinguished as follows: functional organization structure: m1: logistical sub-functions, such as procurement logistics and distribution logistics, are generated to match the respective functional areas of purchase, production, and marketing. M2: The cross-functional coordination is effected by setting up a logistical functional area. M3: an independent central department is established for logistics which operates on the same level as purchase, production and marketing. Divisional O S: M4: Each division operates its own logistics department. M5: The logistical processes are coordinated by an independent logistics department. M6: An independent central department carries out the logistical tasks for the respective division. Matrix structure: M7: Logistics is an independent functional area responsible for all logistical operations.