Lymphatic System Case

Lymphatic System

Lymphatic system consists of two major parts that is lymphatic vessels and various lymph organs and tissues. The components of the lymphatic system are lymphatic fluids, lymphatic capillaries, lymphatic vessels, lymphatic nodes and lymphatic drainage ducts.

The lymphatic system is connected with circulatory system which acts as transport systems transporting hormones to targeted organs and tissues and digested fat to the blood systems. Other functions of lymphatic systems is to provide immune response along with the circulatory system while the lymph systems clean lymph fluids, removing microbes and other toxins from the fluid before returned to the blood.

Blood plasma moves out from the blood capillaries together with oxygen and nutrients. This fluid now has different composition to blood plasma which then is called interstitial fluid. Because the blood plasma leaks constantly into the tissue spaces, the fluid must drain back so that it will not overflow the tissue spaces, leaving rest of tissue fluid entering to permeable lymph capillaries. This fluid is then called the lymphatic fluid or lymph fluid.

In the lymph capillaries the minivalves formed by the cells are lose and overlap one another act flow the flow of tissue fluid into the lymph capillaries and control the fluid from escaping. Digested fat are transported to the blood by the lacteals. The lymph are them flowed through larger and thicker channel; collecting vessels, trunks and then dusts. The collecting vessels have three layers similar to the vein but with thinner walls with the valves function to keep the lymph fluid flowing in one direction.

The lymph fluid will passes through the lymph nodes in one direction. The lymph nodes has bean shape varies in size and shape with length less than 2.5cm. It is surrounded by dense fibrous capsule forms compartment called trabeculae. Lymph nodes functions as a filter so that the micro-organisms are destroyed by phagocytic white cell. The B and T lymphocytes provide an immune response in the body.

Lymph fluid is then collected from the left side of the head, neck, arm, chest and the rest of the body by the The Thoracic duct. Lymph fluid from the right side of the head, neck, arm and chest area is collected from the right lymphatic duct. It is then emptied into the right and left subclavian veins in the dust.