Organizational Behavior

Organizational behavior studies the determinants of behavior in organizations. It focuses on applying information gained about individuals and groups and the effect of structure on behavior to help organizations work more effectively. The information gained through organizational behavior applies to the case study of Albertsons because it uses this knowledge to motivate and train its employees.

Organizational behavior is built on contributions from other behavioral disciplines. These disciplines include psychology, social psychology and sociology. Psychology is the study of the human mind and its functions. Studies from this discipline that contribute to organizational behavior include; employee-selection techniques needs and motivational forces perception and personality. Social psychology focuses on social interactions. Social psychologists contribute to organizational behavior with their study of group behavior and conflict. Sociology is the study of the development, structure and functioning of society. Organizational behavior benefits from sociologists studies of organizational culture, communications and conflict.

Having a positive attitude in the workplace is beneficial for an employee, but it can also be very beneficial for the organization as well. A positive attitude makes a big difference to the organizations customers; as stated in Organizational Behavior, "satisfied employees are more likely to be friendly, upbeat, and responsive - which customers appreciate.(Robbins & Judge, 2007, pg. 91.) Another benefit of an affirmative attitude is higher productivity from workers. An additional benefit of a positive attitude in workers is an above average level of employee retention. When workers are satisfied they are better able to serve customers and more likely to work harder and stay with a company for a longer amount of time.

Biographical characteristics also impact employee productivity and satisfaction. The four different types of characteristics are; age, gender, race and tenure. Managers, such as those at Albertsons can use this information to help employees improve their performance. Age can be a determining factor is assessing an employee's learning style and adaptability to new techniques. Although gender is one of the characteristics it has been proven that there is no difference in productivity between men and women. However, "working mothers are more likely to prefer part-time work, flexible work schedules and telecommuting to accommodate their family responsibilities." (Robbins & Judge, 2007, pg. 51.) While race should not be used as an assessment of an employee's performance, managers should be aware of the tendency to favor colleagues of their own race. Tenure is the length of time an employee has held a position. Studies have shown that those who have been in their job position for a longer amount of time have a shorter amount of absenteeism and higher