Parenting Style

It is well-known that teachers served as second parents to the children especially at school. What is not done at home can be done at school. Hidden potentials of the children which cannot be recognized by parents can be discovered by the 'second parents'. Teachers are the most important people involved in our life after our parents. In this article, I would like to explain some effective steps which teachers can take to produce successful and proactive learners. The steps are developing the concept of resilience among learners and educating learners to think and act independently.

According to Borman & Overman, 2004; Downey, 2003; Knapp, 2001, resilience is a learner characteristic which increase the learners' awareness to try again although encounter failures and hardship (as cited in Eggen and Kauchak, 2010, p.115). Therefore, the characteristic asserted by Borman and Overman is vital to ensure ongoing learning process among learners. To develop the concept, teachers should provide wide opportunities for the learners to experience mistakes and guide them to learn from the mistakes instead of setting unnecessary limitation during learning such as by not giving the learners freedom to talk and express opinion.

Moreover, there are a lot of effective ways to correct students' mistakes such as by doing overall feedback in a class without highlighting the respective students. While the teachers are clarifying the mistakes, they can ask the students' opinion on the solution of the problem. Therefore, it will help to develop students' cognitive skills and it will contribute to positive learning environment such as collaborative learning. Students feel comfortable and confidence when the teachers listen to their ideas, analyze and evaluate the ideas by give positive feedback. This situation indirectly encourages the students to speak their ideas more and contribute to the learning session. Therefore, a hostile learning climate is produced with resilience students and supportive teachers involved.

Apart from developing the concept of resilience, successful parenting also includes educating the learners to think and act independently. It is better described as a learner-centered learning process. A Learner centered environment optimizes learners' potentials and maximizes their cognitive skills. Teachers should allow learners to involve in firsthand experience as a step to create learner-centered learning environment. For example, teachers introduce a topic to the learners and let them think, brainstorm and analyze the topic by discussing with their heterogeneous group and present their ideas to be shared by others. In this situation, learners play major role and responsible for their learning. Teachers only facilitate the learning by clarifying their ideas to enhance learners' understanding. As asserted by First Hand Learning Inc,. (2007), when learners engage in firsthand learning