Section A: Multiple-Choice Questions

SECTION A: MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONS [20 MARKS]

1. Which is an important reason for understanding organizational behavior?

1) Most people are educated in organizations.

2) Organizations regulate many of our activities.

3) Most adults spend the better part of their lives working in organizations.

4) Organizational behavior offers specific perspectives on the human side of management.

5) All of the above are important reasons for understanding organizational behavior.

2. A manager who groups jobs into units and establishes patterns of authority is performing which

function of management?

1) Planning

2) Organizing

3) Controlling

4) Supervising

5) Leading

3. Which perspective of management would most likely refute the notion that one style of leadership

would enhance employee satisfaction and job performance under any condition?

1) Situational perspective

2) Classical perspective

3) Behavioral perspective

4) Interactional perspective

5) Universal perspective

4. Some outcomes can be studied at the individual, group and organization levels. Which of the

following is generally assessed at both the individual and organizational levels?

1) Absenteeism

2) Financial performance

3) Survival

4) Norms

5) Cohesiveness

5. The equation P = M + A + E states that performance is a function of

1) motivation, activity, and equity.

2) management, assets, and equity.

3) motivation, ability, and environment.

4) motion, activity, and equilibrium.

5) mastery, acquisition, and expertise.

6. John has satisfied his basic needs and has many friends. He is now trying to learn new skills and

advance his career. According to Alderfer, John's activities are explained by which component of

ERG theory?

1) Satisfaction -progression

2) Frustration-regression

3) Importance -satisfaction

4) Satisfaction -regression

5) Frustration-progression

7. Aria has been performing successfully at work for several months. Aria believes that she will get a

pay raise if she maintains this high level of performance. This belief is an example of the ____

expectancy.

1) effort-to-performance

2) performance-to-benefit

3) performance-to-outcome

4) performance-to-valence

5) effort-to-outcome

8. Which type of reinforcement schedule is effective at motivating desirable behaviors, especially in the

early stages of learning?

1) Variable interval

2) Fixed ratio

3) Fixed interval

4) Variable ratio

5) Continuous

9. Which theory serves as the basis for job enrichment?

1) Equity theory

2) Need theory

3) Expectancy theory

4) Maslow's hierarchy of needs

5) None of the above

10. Vertical job loading differs from job enlargement in that

1) the employee has more control over the job.

2) the employee's job satisfaction receives more attention.

3) more tasks are added to a job.

4) workers feel as though they are doing something worthwhile.

5) managers strive to motivate employees by maximizing intrinsic factors.

11. All of the following statements about the key outcomes expected to result from the psychological

states detailed in the job characteristics theory are true except

1) low absenteeism and turnover.

2) high satisfaction with work.

3) high -quality work performance.

4) high profits for stockholders.

5)