The China Trips Equation: Past, Present, and Future

TRIPS与中国法治的平衡：过去，现在，未来

The China TRIPS Equation: Past, Present, and Future

(申请清华大学法学硕士学位论文)

培 养 单 位 ： 法学院

学 科 ： 中国法

研 究 生 ：

美兰

ORENDACH JANETTE

指 导 教 师 : 王兵

二○○七年五月

关于论文使用授权的说明

STATEMENT ON THESIS USAGE AUTHORIZATION

本人完全了解清华大学有关保留、使用学位论文的规定，即：学校有权保留学位论文的复印件，允许该论文被查阅和借阅；学校可以公布该论文的全部或部分内容，可以采用影印、缩印或其他复制手段保存该论文。

(涉密的学位论文在解密后应遵守此规定)

I fully understand Tsinghua University policies concerning reserving and using copies of graduate thesis. That is, the university has the right to distribute a copy of the thesis and allow students to read and borrow it. The university may publicize the whole or part of the thesis content and distribute the thesis by means of filming, microfilming or any other duplication methods.

(Any confidential thesis must also fully comply with this policy following declassification)

Signature by Author:

Signature by Advisor:

Date:

摘要

自中国实施对外开放政策以来，中国的经济实现了巨大的飞跃。随着市场经济的发展，要满足中国在国际舞台上不断变换的需求，进行司法改革就成为一种必然。然而，大量法律的出台，并不意味着公民的思维方式和文化会随之发生转变。在知识产权领域，法律制度与司法实践的脱节使中国承受着来自越来越多的发达国家的批评和指责。

本文仅限于分析和讨论中国在知识产权保护方面与西方完全不同的发展路径。目前的国际知识产权保护体系是在西方国家的发展中形成的，中国要遵循这种制度就与自己的发展路径产生了分歧。本文研究的问题主要有：1、《与贸易有关的知识产权协议》的历史背景和未来发展。《与贸易有关的知识产权协议》是国际准则的基础。2、中国本土文化对中国知识产权保护制度早期和近期的影响。中国本土文化是知识产权制度的形成过程的一个重要角色，同时也促进了法律在哲学边沿的发展。3、目前宪法和《与贸易有关的知识产权协议》关于知识产权保护观点的相同之处。4、当前形势下中国的选择。

文章分两步进行分析。首先讨论《与贸易有关的知识产权协议》不能成为，至少现在不能成为中国知识产权保护模式理想选择的原因。尽管现实是中国已签署了《与贸易有关的知识产权协议》，中国有义务遵守该协议。为此，本文提出各种可能的选择，使国际准则与中国本土文化能够更好结合, 同时提出一些中国应对国际指责的方式。总之, 希望这方面研究能够完善，可以进一步帮助中国在自己的道路上沿着这个方向走下去

关键词: 司法独立 司法解释 司法改革

Abstract

China is a nation whose economy has taken massive leaps and bounds since the open door policy was enacted. With the growth in the economy, it was determined that legal reform also was necessary to meet China's changing needs in the international arena. The promulgation of a profusion of laws, however, does not mean a change in the culture or the people's thinking will instantly follow. In the area of intellectual property, this gap between law and practice has earned China criticism from developed nations.

This paper is confined to analyzing and discussing the completely different path that China has taken in development of its concept of intellectual property. These differences have ramifications on China's ability to conform to an international intellectual property system that was designed to fit the development of the Western nations. This issue will be considered by examining (i) the history behind, and the future of, the Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS), which is the basis of the international standards; (ii) the early and more recent influences of the Chinese culture which formed the role of intellectual property in Chinese society and the development of the law alongside these philosophies; (iii) the current Constitutional view of intellectual property and its compatibility with the TRIPS' view ; and (iv) what are China's options in the current situation.

This paper takes a two fold approach. It first discusses the reasons why TRIPS is not the ideal fit for China, at least not at this time. The reality is however, that China is a signatory to TRIPS, and obligated to comply nevertheless. With this view in mind the paper raises possible options to help integrate these international standards into the Chinese culture, and the ways in which China can respond to its critics. In conclusion, areas of research that may further assist China in its path along this road are offered.

Keywords: Judicial Independence Judicial Interpretation Judicial Reform

Table of Contents

Chapter 1 Introduction 1

Chapter 2 Overview of TRIPS 3

I. The World Trade Organization's View 3

II. An Alternative View 4

(i) How TRIPS