The Rise of Filipino Nationalism

Chapter 5 STRUGGLE FOR RIGHTS

AND FREEDOM

1. Revolt of Lakandula and Soliman (1574)

Lakandula and Soliman decided to rise in arms. They proclaimed their revolt and gathered in Navotas.

Cause: Lavezaris's reversal of Legazpi's policy of excempting the native rulers from tributes

2. First Pampanga Revolt (1585)

Some brave Pampangueño leaders connived w/ the people of Manila and the Borneans. The leaders were arrested abd executed w/out any fair trial.

Cause Abuses of the Encomenderos

3. The Tondo/Maharlika conspiracy

(1587-88)

was a plot against Spanish colonial rule by the datus of Manila and some towns of Bulacan and Pampanga. It was led by Agustin de Legazpi, nephew of Lakandula, and his first cousin, Martin Pangan.The uprising failed when they were denounced to the Spanish authorities by Antonio Surabao (Susabau) of Calamianes

Cause Regain Lost

Freedom

4. Magalat's Revolt, Cagayan (1596)

led by Magalat, a Filipino rebel from Cagayan. He had been arrested in Manila for inciting rebellion against the Spanish. He was later released after some urging by some Dominican priests, and returned to Cagayan. Together with his brother, he urged the entire country to revolt.The Spanish Governor-General Francisco de Tello de Guzmán sent Pedro de Chaves from Manila with Spanish and Filipino colonial troops. They fought successfully against the rebels, and captured and executed several leaders under Magalat. Magalat himself was assassinated within his fortified headquarters by his own men

Cause Unjust Tax

5. Revolt of the Igorots ( 1601)

Spaniards were determined to proselytize the Igorots. An expedition was sent to stop them from resisting to colonial subjugation.

Cause Refusal to Accept new religion

6. Revolt of the Irrayas, N Isabela in Cagayan Valley (1621)

After the missionaries had left,led by Fray Pedro de Santo Tomas, the Irrayas killed their encomenderos and burned their houses. FR. Santo Tomas returned and promised them that the govt. would pardon them and remedy their grievances. The revolt ended w/out a fight.

Cause Oppression of Spanish Officilas

7. Revolt of Tamblot, Bohol (1621-22)

Tamblot, a babaylan,, persuaded the natives to abandon Catholicism and rise against the Spaniards. They began their revolt when the most of the Jesuits were away attending the beatification of St. francis Xavier in Cebu. They burned the villages as well as the churches.

Cause Return to Native Religion

8. Bancao Revolt, Leyte (1622)

was a religious uprising against Spanish colonial rule led by Bancao, the datu of Carigara , in the present-day Carigara Philippine province of Leyte.

Cause Return to Native Religion

9. Ladia Revolt (1643)

Ladia was a Bornean and a descendant of Lakandula who came to Malolos in 1643.Upon his capture, he was brought to Manila where he was executed.

Cause Spanish oppression

10. Revolt of Dabao (1650s)

Cause Controversial Decree to send Carpenters to the Cavite shipyard

The rebels who surrendered, who were promised to be pardoned, were either hanged or enslaved.

11. Sumuroy Revolt, Samar (1649-50)

Cause Forced labor

In the today the town of Palapag in Northern Samar, Juan Ponce Sumuroy, a Waray, and some of his followers rose in arms on June 1, 1649 over the polo system being undertaken in Samar.

12. Maniago Revolt, Pampanga (1660)

Causes Frequent Recruitment of Men to Cut timber in the Mts. And Bandala.

led by Don Francisco Maniago, initially caused by natives' protest against the polo and bandala, later became a struggle to free the natives from Spanish rule. The rebels were weakened by Gov. de Lara's cooperation of Arayat chief Macapagal.

13. Malong Revolt, Pangasinan (1660-61)

Causes Spanish Oppression & the desire to Replace Spanish Rulers.

who led some natives in Pangasinan to take up arms against the Spanish government and proclaimed himself King of Pangasinan. However his kingdom was short-lived and soon most of his forces abandoned him, enabling the Spanish forces to capture him and subsequently executed him. Later, Juan dela Cruz Palaris, a native of Binalatongan, led a renewal of the revolt. The Spanish authorities reviewed the demands of the natives and required the alcalde-mayor of Pangasinan to resign. The people of Pangasinan continued their resistance nonetheless, but they finally defeated in March, 1764.

14. Revolt of Gumapos (1661)

Continuation of Malong's Revolt

Pedro Gumapos and his troop of Zambals killed many Spaniards in Ilocos. 400 rebels were slain and Gumapos himself was hanged in Vigan.

15. Almazan Revolt (January 1661)

Cause Personal ambitions

led by Don Pedro Almazan, illustrious and wealthy leader from San Nicolas, Laoag, Ilocos Norte. The letters sent by Don Andres Malong ("King of Pangasinan") narrating the defeat of the Spaniards in his area and urging other provinces to rise in arms failed to obtain any support among the natives. During the revolt, Don Pedro Almazan auto-proclaimed himself "King of Ilocos", but was later captured and executed.

16. Revolt of Tapar, Panay (1663)

Cause Found a New Religion under a Native Supervision

Tapar attracted many followers w/ his stories about his frequent conversations w/ a demon. They were killed in a bloody fught against the Spanish.

17. Revolt of Dagohoy, Bohol (1744-1849)