Unit 1 and 2 - Organization - Social Entity

ORGANIZATION- * social entity

* goal directed

* structured and coordinated activity system

* linked to the external environment

* open system

KEY ELEMENTS OF AN ORGANIZATION

* people

* and its relationship with one another

IMPORTANCE OF AN ORGANIZATION

1. Bring together the resources- to achieve desired goals and outcomes

2. Produce goods and services quality/ efficiently

3. Facilitate innovation

4. use modern manufacturing and computer-based technology

5. adapt to the influence of a changing environment

6. create value for owners, costumers and employees

7. accommodate ongoing challenges of diversity, ethics, career patterns and the motivation and coordination of people

CHARACTERISTICS OF AN ORGANIZATION

* goal-oriented

* psychosocial system

* technological system

* structural system

* management system

THE FIVE BASIC OARTS OF AN ORG

Top manager (director)

Technical administrative

Support---- Middle management---- support

(MISD) (admin) (Accounting)

Technical core (employees)

ORGANIZATION THEORY

A way to see and analyze organizations more accurately and deeply

How?

-based on patterns and regularities in organizational design and behavior

-insights into organizational functioning significance

-make managers more competent and more influential

-endless people to see and understand things other people cannot see/ understand

-provide an appreciation and understanding of what is happening in organization

PRINCIPLES OF ORGANIZATION

* communication

* unity of command

* delegation of authority

* similar assignments

* unity of purpose

* span of control

ORGANIZATION THAT THRIVE IN DYNAMIC ENV'T

* flexible

* fast speed

* empowered

* open in its communication

* innovation

* learning oriented

* development focused

* energized

* team-oriented

* performance-based

* value-driven

ORGANIZATION FUNCTIONS

- operation management (ongoing lectures)

- administration

- production management (result of exam)

- marketing

- supplies management

- human resources

- sales

- research and development

- finance

- information technology

ORGANIZATIONAL CLIMATE

Healthy Unhealthy

-open and free -frustrated

-seek help -threatened

-task risks -reluctant

-challenged by Job -excuses for

Shortcomings

NEW ORGANIZATIONAL PARADIGM

(PASCAL)

Before (classical) After (modern)

Image of organization= MACHINES

(emphasis of concrete strategy, structure and system) Idea of organization= ORGANISMS (soft dimensions style, staff and shared values)

Hierarchical Model

(step by step problem solving) Network Model

(parallel nodes of intelligence which surrounds problem until they are eliminated)

Status driven view that:

Managers; think

Workers; do as they told

Managers; facilitators

Workers; empowered to initiate improvements and change

Vertical tasks ( with in formal units) Horizontal tasks (collaboration across units)

Focus on:

Content, prescribed use, specific tools and techniques

Process and Holistic synthesis

Military model Commitment model

ORGANIZATIONAL EVOLUTION

* one man operation

* father-son/ manager assistant type

* functional organization