Describe the Different Perspectives in Psychology That Explain Human Behavior. in Your Answer, Also Describe the Perspective That You Think Best Describes Human Behavior and Why

testingHuman behavior is the population of behaviors exhibited by humans and influenced

by culture, values, ethics and/or genetics. The behavior of people falls within a range with

some behavior being common and acceptable while others are unusual and some outside

acceptable limits. Behaviorism, also called the learning perspective based on the proposition

that all things that organisms do (thinking and feeling), can be regarded as behaviors. Ivan

Pavlov did experiments on Classical Conditioning. Edward Lee Thorndike sought to restrict

psychology to experimental methods, and B. F. Skinner who conducted research on operant

conditioning(Farley,2001). Human Behavior is mostly understood and explained by these two

conditioning, Classic Conditioning and Operant Conditioning.

Classical conditioning is a form of associative learning that was first demonstrated by

Ivan Pavlov (Pavlov,1927). The typical procedure for inducing classical conditioning

involves presentations of a neutral stimulus along with a stimulus of some significance. The

neutral stimulus could be any event that does not result in an overt behavioral response from

the organism under investigation. Pavlov referred to this as a conditioned stimulus (CS).

Conversely, presentation of the significant stimulus necessarily evokes an innate, often

reflexive, response. Pavlov called these the unconditioned stimulus (US) and unconditioned

response (UR), respectively. If the CS and the US are repeatedly paired, eventually the two

stimuli become associated and the organism begins to produce a behavioral response to the

CS. Pavlov called this the conditioned response (CR). The examples of Classsical

Conditioning can be used for therapy to cure phobias. Systematic desensitization is used to

effectively help overcome phobias and other anxiety disorders. To begin the process of

systematic desensitization, one must first be taught relaxation skills in order to extinguish

fear and anxiety responses to specific phobias (Arnold,2005). Once the individual has been

taught these skills, he or she must